El paso de karate a taekwondo

Siempre que discutimos el tema en facebook, terminamos de pleito.


Sin embargo, sí es importante abordarlo. No son necesarios los apasionamientos.




Si leemos libros de taekwondo de los años sesenta, como el de Henry Cho o el de Duk Sung Son, nos damos cuenta de que el taekwondo de aquellos tiempos usaba en los combates posturas y movimientos rígidos como los de las katas y el paso de combate. En los años posteriores, se fue dejando sentir la influencia del tae kyon; en los combates libres comenzaron a usarse posturas altas y giros. Entonces el taekwondo antiguo, el que provenía del karate, quedó circunscrito a formas y combates prearreglados, en tanto que en los combates predominó un nuevo tipo de taekwondo, una especie de boxeo con los pies.



Al menos en México, cuando el profesor Moon arribó, llamó a su estilo "karate" (y "tang soo do" es "karate" en coreano). Luego se adhirió al movimiento mundial diferenciador y comenzó a llamar "tae kwon do" a su sistema. Ello no fue del agrado de Hwang Kee, creador del sistema moo duk kwan, y por eso rompieron relaciones. Ahí, al menos, sí está perfectamente documentado el cambio de "karate coreano" o "tang soo do" a "taekwondo". Hubo profesores que no se adhirieron al cambio y siguieron con el tang soo do. Uno de ellos fue el maestro de Cuck Norris, Shin Jae-chul.






Veamos lo que dice Wikipedia:

Founding of original Kwans

Between 1944 and the Liberation of Korea in 1945, the original schools or kwans of Tang Soo Do were founded in Korea by practitioners who had studied karate and had some exposure to kung-fu. Together, these original five schools and their teachers became the foundation of Tang Soo Do:

Ro Byung Jik – Song Moo Kwan
Won Kuk Lee – Chung Do Kwan(original kwan)
Chun Sang Sup – Jidokwan
Lee Nam Suk and Kim Soon Bae – Chang Moo Kwan
Hwang Kee – Moo Duk Kwan

Shortly after the Korean War and in 1953, four more offshoot schools formed. These second-generation kwans and their principal founders were Choi Hong Hi and Nam Tae Hi's Oh Do Kwan, Lee Kyo Yoon's Han Moo Kwan, Park Chul Hee and Hong Jong Pyo's Kang Duk Won, and Lee Young Woo's Jung Do Kwan.

In 1960, Jhoon Rhee was teaching what he called Korean Karate (or Tang Soo Do) in Texas, in the United States. After receiving the ROK Army Field Manual (which contained martial arts training curriculum under the new name of Taekwondo) from General Choi, Rhee began using the name "Taekwondo". There are still a multitude of contemporary Taekwondo schools in the United States that teach what is known as "Moo Duk Kwan Taekwondo". This nomenclature reflects this government-ordered kwan merger.
In 1964, the Korean Tae Soo Do Association was formed which, in 1965, became the Korean Tae Kwon Do Association. Because of its political influence, the Tae Kwon Do group, led by its second president, General Choi Hong Hi, tried to unify it with the Korean Soo Bahk Do Association. Kwanjangnim's organization was the largest martial arts system in Korea at the time. Grandmaster Hwang Kee agreed to discuss unification but, when it became clear that he would not be in charge of the new organization, he ultimately refused. The result was a weakening of the Moo Duk Kwan as the Tae Kwon Do movement grew in strength, absorbing many Moo Duk Kwan members in the process.

Sobre el general Choi Hong Hi:

Choi combined elements of Taekkyeon and Karate to develop a martial art that he called "Taekwon-Do" (태권도; 跆拳道), which means "foot, fist, art" or "the way of hand and foot" and it was so named on 11 April 1955.[8][11] Choi founded the Oh Do Kwan, and held an honorary 4th dan ranking in the Chung Do Kwan. Due to accusations of dishonesty, Choi was stripped of his rank and position in the Chung Do Kwan.[7] During the 1960s, Choi and Nam Tae Hi led the original masters of taekwondo in promoting their martial art around the world, though these would be only the first of many such endeavors.[citation needed]
ITF taekwondo organizations credit Choi with starting the spread of taekwondo internationally by stationing Korean taekwondo instructors around the world,[8] and have consistently claimed that ITF-style taekwondo is the only authentic style of taekwondo, most notably in early sections of its textbooks

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Encontré información interesante sobre los primeros cinturones negros de moo duk kwan.


Historia


El primer cinto negro que surgió de esta escuela fue Kim Um Chan Dan Bon (número de miembro avanzado) N° 1, al que le siguieron:
Kim Yong Duk, Dan Bon N°2
Yu Hwa Yong, Dan Bon N°3
Nam Sham Hyun, Dan Bon N°4
Choi Hee Seok, Dan Bon N°5
Hong Chong Soo, Dan Bon N°10
Hwang Jin Tae, Dan Bon N°11
Kim In Suk, Dan Bon N°12
Chung Chang Young, Dan Bon N°15
Lee Kang Ik, Dan Bon N°16